A team of researchers at MIT’s Dream Lab, which launched in 2017, are working on an open source wearable device that can track and interact with dreams in a number of ways — including, hopefully, giving you new control over the content of your dreams.
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The team’s radical goal is to prove once and for all that dreams aren’t just meaningless gibberish — but can be “hacked, augmented, and swayed” to our benefit, according to OneZero.
Think “Inception,” in other words, but with a Nintendo Power Glove.
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“People don’t know that a third of their life is a third where they could change or structure or better themselves,” Adam Horowitz, PhD student at MIT Media Lab’s Fluid Interfaces Group and a Dream Lab researcher, told OneZero.
“Whether you’re talking about memory augmentation or creativity augmentation or improving mood the next day or improving test performance, there’s all these things you can do at night that are practically important,” Horowitz added.
A glove-like device called Dormio, developed by the Dream Lab team, is outfitted with a host of sensors that can detect which sleeping state the wearer is in. When the wearer slips into a state between conscious and subconscious, hypnagogia, the glove plays a pre-recorded audio cue, most of the times consisting of a single word.
“Hypnagogic imagery or hallucinations is a normal state of consciousness in the transition from wakefulness to sleep,” Valdas Noreika, a psychologist at Cambridge who is not involved in the research told VICE back in 2018.
Hypnagogia may be different for different people. Some say they’ve woken up from hypnagogia, reporting they experienced strong visual and auditory hallucinations. Others are capable of interacting with somebody in the state.
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But the Dream Lab might be on to something with its Dormio glove. For instance, in a 50-person experiment, the speaking glove was able to insert a tiger into people’s sleep by having the glove say a prerecorded message that simply said “tiger.”
The device is meant to democratize the science of tracking sleep. Step-by-step instructions were posted online with biosignal tracking software available on Github, allowing everybody to theoretically make their own Dormio glove.
A similar device built by Dream Lab researcher and PhD candidate Judith Amores relies on smell rather than an audio cue. A preset scent is released by a device when the user reaches the N3 stage of sleep, a regenerative period when the body heals itself and consolidates memory. The idea is to strengthen this consolidation using scents.
They hope to let sleepers take full control of their dreams as well. A 2019 “Dream Engineering” workshop hosted by the Dream Lab discussed the world of “lucid dreaming,” a state in which people realize they’re having a dream while they’re dreaming.
“It’s such an exhilarating feeling to lucid dream,” Tore Nielsen, a professor of psychiatry at the University of Montreal said in an MIT blog post. “You can try flying, singing, having sex — it’s better than VR.”
The problem, however, is that the science behind lucid dreaming is still murky. Only an estimated one percent of people are capable of entering this state regularly, making it difficult to study. The brain state during lucid dreaming is also not understood very well yet.
But other researchers are convinced there’s plenty to gain from learning from our subconscious — rather than commanding it with prerecorded messages or scents.
“The unconscious, it’s another kind of intelligence,” Rubin Naiman, sleep and dream expert at the University of Arizona, told OneZero. “We can learn from it. We can be in dialogue with it rather than dominate it, rather than ‘tap in’ and try to steer it in directions we want.”
READ MORE: An MIT Lab Is Building Devices to Hack Your Dreams [OneZero]
More on sleep:It Turns Out You Can Learn Things While You’re Asleep
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The Lucid Dreamer is an easy-to-use device that helps you gain awareness inside your dreams. But how exactly does it work?
Anyone who’s been able to lucid dream can tell you what an exhilarating experience it is! Some people have devoted months, years and even careers to the study and practice of lucid dreaming.
Many methods and techniques have been developed to naturally reach this state, however results take a great deal of time and effort – if you ever get them at all. Knowing this, others have tried to manufacture lucid dream-inducing sleep masks using built in LED lights, a method that has been proven ineffective. [1]
It started to seem like such a device could never exist, and lucid dreaming would always be left up to either chance or painstaking practice.
Then, a promising technology emerged
Studies have shown that a very specific type of brain activity in the frontal lobes, called gamma activity, is present during lucid dreams. This activity is associated with consciousness.
There is a well-documented method of enhancing gamma activity in the brain called transcranial alternating current stimulation (or tACS). This method implements mild electrical stimulation to the head in a way proven to be 100% safe. [2] It is important to note that tACS is not electroshock therapy.
[1] Study on effectiveness of lucid dreaming techniques and external stimulation (LED light) to induce lucid dreaming; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22841958
[2] Safety, sensations and secondary induced effects of transcranial electric stimulation; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=25922128
So how does this translate to lucid dreaming?
In 2014, Ursula Voss from the Goethe-University Frankfurt Germany published a landmark study showcasing the use of tACS during REM sleep. The stimulation succeeded in enhancing gamma activity in the participants’ brains, causing lucidity in 77% of dreams.[3]
This study laid the foundation on which the Lucid Dreamer was built upon.
The Lucid Dreamer uses advanced algorithms that detect when you start dreaming. These algorithms use the electrical signals from the brain, which are measured with EEG (electroencephalogram). Measuring brain activity to detect the onset of a dream is much more accurate than the more conventional method of using eye-movement data. The measurement of brain activity during sleep will also be used as a basis for personal stimulation settings recommendations.
When the onset of a dream is detected, tACS is applied, which will enhance gamma in the frontal regions of the brain and therefore significantly lowers the threshold for getting a lucid dream.
The Lucid Dreamer also has the ability to apply light and audio stimulation during a dream. Light flashes and audio stimulation are long-known methods for increasing the possibility for getting a lucid dream. Rhythmic light flashes and audio signals can also be used for neural entrainment, which is another way of altering neural oscillations. The Lucid Dreamer supports neural entrainment protocols that can be triggered at the onset of a dream and altering neural oscillations in the visual and auditory cortex.
Light and audio stimulation during a dream has shown to be effective when used combination with cognitive exercises known as ‘Mnemonic Induction of Lucid Dreams’ or ‘MILD’. The Lucid Dreamer App implements an innovative MILD training program.
You can learn more about MILD here
To summarize: The Lucid Dreamer implements old and new techniques that are known to induce lucid dreams, provides the possibility to flexibly combine these techniques and also adds new innovative approaches to REM detection, tACS, light/audio stimulation and cognitive exercises.
[3] Induction of self awareness in dreams through frontal low current stimulation of gamma activity; http://www.nature.com/neuro/journal/v17/n6/full/nn.3719.html
“The Lucid Dreamer is a wearable device that automatically detects REM sleep, after which it uses mild electrical stimulation (tACS) to induce a lucid dream.”
Designed to be worn comfortably while you sleep
Long lasting rechargeable battery (micro usb)
Contains microcontroller units and tACS stimulator
Replaceable sticky electrodes
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Contains microcontroller units and tACS stimulator
Replaceable sticky electrodes
Built-In Sensors
- EEG Amplifier
- 6 Axis Accelerometer and Gyrometer
Battery
- Lasts 10+ hours
- Rechargeable Lithium Polymer 3.7V 240mAh
- Micro USB Chargeable
Package Includes
- Lucid Dreamer Device
- Micro USB Cable
- Starterset of Lucid Dreamer Electrodes (150)
The Lucid Dreamer uses disposable, sticky electrodes. Simply attach the electrodes to the device, remove the protective covering and stick the electrodes to the designated places on your forehead and behind your ears.
The electrodes contain a highly conductive gel core, enabling high-quality recordings and efficient stimulation. They also serve to attach the device snuggly against your head, eliminating the need for an uncomfortable and unstable headband.
Each use requires 6 electrodes: 4 on your forehead and 1 each on your left and right mastoid (the thick bone behind your ears).
Your Lucid Dreamer will come with 25 sets of electrodes, giving you 25 nights to start with. New sets of disposable electrodes can be ordered here.
The App is used to control your LD device, build your personal dream profile and connect with the Lucid Dreamer community. There are three versions to choose from:
- Essential: Run the standard Insight (40Hz) and Control (25Hz) protocols on your Lucid Dreamer.
Dream Team 1992
- Pro: Receive the standard protocols as well as the Protocol Builder, giving you the ability to experiment with different frequencies and durations of stimulation.
- Connect: Get all the perks of Pro with the added ability to experiment with dream sharing. Become part of a crowd research project into mutual dreaming, a phenomena that some lucid dreaming experts have claimed to accomplish.
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